How deep should coop bedding be?
For a regular clean-out routine, 4–6 inches of large-flake pine shavings absorbs moisture and cushions landings from the roost. The deep litter method instead starts around 6 inches and builds to 10–12 inches. Fresh material goes on top and gets turned in, so the bottom layer slowly composts in place. Done well, it means only one or two full clean-outs a year.
Choosing a bedding
| Bedding | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|
| Pine shavings (large flake) | Absorbent, easy to find, smells good | Dusty fine grades. Avoid cedar, whose oils irritate airways. |
| Hemp | Very absorbent, low dust, composts fast | Costs more per cubic foot |
| Straw | Cheap, warm, good in nest boxes | Hollow stems can harbor mites. Mats when wet. |
| Sand | Easy to sift clean, long-lasting | Heavy, cold in winter, no compost value |
Compressed bags: read the label
A "4 cu ft" compressed bag of shavings can expand to 8–12 cu ft once broken up. Enter the expanded yield printed on your brand's label for an accurate count. Hay and straw bales vary too much to give a single figure, so weigh one and compare.
Gear that helps
- Large-flake pine shavings or hemp bedding
- Manure fork and wide coop scraper
- Poop board under the roost (cuts bedding use dramatically)
- Nest box pads
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Frequently asked questions
How often should I change chicken bedding?
With standard litter, spot-clean weekly and do a full change every 1–2 months, sooner if it smells of ammonia. With deep litter, add fresh material as needed and fully clean out once or twice a year.
Is cedar safe for chickens?
Cedar shavings are generally avoided because their aromatic oils can irritate a chicken's respiratory tract. Pine (kiln-dried) is the usual choice.
Sources
- Oregon State University Extension, EC 1644: Backyard chicken coop design
- Penn State Extension: Management Requirements for Laying Flocks
Last reviewed October 2026. These are planning estimates for hobby flocks. For sick birds, contact a poultry vet or your state extension office.